What Is Protein?

What Is Protein

What is protein. Protein is a complex organic compounds of high molecular weight and are polymers of several amino acid monomers are connected to each other by a peptide bond. Protein itself is derived from the Greek word meaning "most important". Contains protein molecules consisting of: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and phosphorus contained also. Protein has an important role in the structure and function of all living cells and viruses.

Most of the protein is an enzyme or enzyme subunit. Other types of protein that also plays a role in the function of structural or mechanical as well as proteins that form the cytoskeleton rods and joints. Protein involved in the immune system, the control system in the form of hormones, as well as the components involved in the storage and transportation of nutrients. Protein as a source of nutrients, proteins also act as a source of amino acids for organisms where the organism is not able to form amino acids or also called heterotrophs.

Protein is also one of the few giant biomolecules, in addition to polysaccharides, polynucleotides, and lipids. Giant biomolecules is a major constituent of living things. Protein is one of the most frequent molecule to be studied in biochemistry. Proteins were first discovered by a man named Jöns Jakob Berzelius and in 1838.

Biosynthesis in natural protein together with genetic expression. The genetic code carried by DNA is transcribed into RNA. The genetic code serves as a template for the translation to be done ribosomes. At this stage, the protein is still in a state of "raw" which are composed of amino acids proteinogenik. Through a process called posttranslational mechanisms, forming a protein that already has full biological function.

Due to lack of protein 

What is protein. The protein itself has a lot of benefits to our body. Basically protein serves to support the existence of every cell in the body, the immune system. Every adult should consume at least approximately 1 g of protein per kg of body weight. The need for protein may be increased in women who are pregnant as well as athletes.

Protein deficiency can be fatal:

1. Hair loss (Hair consists of 97-100% of Protein).
2. The worst there is a disease called kwashiorkor, a disease that occurs due to lack of protein. This disease usually occurs in small children who are suffering and whose name can be seen from malnutrition. Malnutrition caused by the filtration of water in the blood vessels. 
3. Protein deficiency which occurs continuously cause marasmus and can cause death.

Sources of protein 

1. Meat
2. Fish
3. Eggs
4. Milk and similar products Quark
5. Seed plants
6. Tribal legumes
7. Potatoes

Studies from the USA biochemist named Thomas Osborne Lafayette Mendel, Professor for Biochemistry at Yale, in 1914, tested the protein consumption of meat as well as plants to rabbits. Consists of a group of rabbits were then fed animal protein, whereas the group of other rabbits were given vegetable protein foods. From these experiments it can be concluded that the rabbits that received animal protein be gaining weight faster than rabbits that received vegetable protein.

Then the next study, by a man named McCay from the University of Berkeley showed that the rabbits that received food containing vegetable protein may be healthier than the rabbits that received food containing animal protein.

That's what is protein. Protein is very good for the body, this is because the protein can be useful as a source of energy, the formation and repair of cells and tissues, as the synthesis of hormones, antibodies, and enzymes, regulating acid base balance between the levels in the cell, food reserves

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